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    Institut für Mikrobiologie der Bundeswehr (Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology)

    2. Where is it located (include both address and geographical location)?

    80937 München, Neuherbergstraße 11, Germany

    48°12' N, 11°34' E

    3. Floor area of laboratory areas by containment level
    BL 3 , 67.00 SqM
    BL 2 , 1.258.00 SqM
    Total laboratory floor area (SqM): 
    1325

    4. The organizational structure of each facility

    Personnel
    (i) Total number of personnel: 
    65

    (ii) Division of personnel

    Military: 
    39
    Civilian: 
    26

    (iii) Division of personnel by category

    Scientists: 
    20
    Engineers
    N/A
    Technicians: 
    39
    Administrative and support staff: 
    6
    (iv) List the scientific disciplines represented in the scientific/engineering staff

    Bacteriology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, biotechnology, epidemiology, immunology,              medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, veterinary medicine, virology

    (v) Are contractor staff working in the facility? If so, provide an approximate number.
    20
    Funding
    (vi) What is (are) the source(s) of funding for the work conducted in the facility, including indication if activity is wholly or partly financed by the Ministry of Defence?

    Federal Ministry of Defence

    (vii) What are the funding levels for the following programme areas:

    Research: 
    4 million EURO (plus 0.7 million EURO caused by the response to the Covid-19 pandemic)
    Development: 
    1.9 million EURO
    Test and evaluation: 
    1.9 million EURO (plus 1.2 million EURO caused by the response to the Covid-19 pandemic)
    (viii) Briefly describe the publication policy of the facility

            Results are published in scientific journals as well as in reports to the Federal Ministry of  
            Defence. Data are also presented in national and international scientific meetings.
            The Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology has implemented dual use research of concern
            (DURC) regulations. Scientists are required to assess the potential of their research before a
            project is started, during the project period and before results are published.

    (ix) Provide a list of publicly-available papers and reports resulting from the work published during the previous 12 months. (To include authors, titles and full references)

    1. Aistleitner K, Sieper T, Stürz I, Jeske R, Tritscheller S, Mantel S, Tscherne A, Zange S, Stoecker K, Wölfel R. (2020) NOTIFy (non-toxic lyophilized field)-FISH for the identification of biological agents by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization. PLoS One. 2020 Mar 6;15(3):e0230057. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230057
    2. Venturi G, Aberle SW, Avšič-Županc T, Barzon L, Batejat C, Burdino E, Carletti F, Charrel R, Christova I, Connell J, Corman VM, Emmanouil M, Jääskeläinen AJ, Kurolt I, Lustig Y, Martinez MJ, Koopmans M, Nagy O, Nguyen T, Papa A, Pérez-Ruiz M, Pfeffer M, Protic J, Reimerink J, Rossini G, Sánchez-Seco Fariñas MP, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Söderholm S, Sudre B, Van Esbroeck M, Reusken CB; (2020) CHIKV Working Group. Specialist laboratory networks as preparedness and response tool - the Emerging Viral Diseases-Expert Laboratory Network and the Chikungunya outbreak, Thailand, 2019. Euro Surveill. 25(13):1900438.
    3. Tukhanova N, Shin A, Abdiyeva K, Turebekov N, Yeraliyeva L, Yegemberdiyeva R, Shapiyeva Z, Froeschl G, Hoelscher M, Wagner E, Rösel K, Zhalmagambetova A, Musralina L, Frey S, Essbauer S.(2020) Serological investigation of orthohantaviruses in patients with fever of unknown origin in Kazakhstan. Zoonoses Public Health. 67(3):271-279.
    4. Zubriková D, Wittmann M, Hönig V, Švec P, Víchová B, Essbauer S, Dobler G, Grubhoffer L, Pfister K. Prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate, Germany. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 11(3):101375.
    5. Elasifer, Hana & Wang, Eddie & Prod'Homme, Virginie & Davies, James & Forbes, Simone & Stanton, Richard & Patel, Mihil & Fielding, Ceri & Roberts, Dawn & Traherne, James & Gruber, Nicole & Bugert, Joachim & Aicheler, Rebecca & Wilkinson, Gavin. (2020). Downregulation of HLA-I by the molluscum contagiosum virus mc080 impacts NK-cell recognition and promotes CD8 + T- cell evasion. Journal of General Virology. 10.1099/jgv.0.001417.
    6. Bugert, Joachim & Hucke, F. & Zanetta, Paola & Bassetto, M. & Brancale, A.. (2020). Antivirals in medical biodefense. Virus Genes. 56. 10.1007/s11262-020-01737-5.
    7. Coluccia, Antonio & Puxeddu, Michela & Nalli, Marianna & Wei, Chih-Ku & Wu, Yu-Hsuan & Mastrangelo, Eloise & Elamin, Tasneem & Tarantino, Delia & Bugert, Joachim & Schreiner, Benno & Nolte, Juliane & Schwarze, Frank & La Regina, Giuseppe & Lee, Jin-Ching & Silvestri, Romano. (2020). Discovery of Zika Virus NS2B/NS3 Inhibitors That Prevent Mice from Life-Threatening Infection and Brain Damage. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. XXXX. 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00405.
    8. Ehmann, Rosina & Brandes, K. & Antwerpen, Markus & Walter, Mathias & Schlippenbach, K. & Stegmaier, E. & Essbauer, Sandra & Bugert, Joachim & Teifke, Jens & Meyer, Hermann. (2020). Molecular and genomic characterization of a novel equine molluscum contagiosum-like virus. Journal of General Virology. 10.1099/jgv.0.001357.
    9. Braun P, Knupfer M, Antwerpen M, Triebel D und Grass G A rare glimpse into the past of the anthrax pathogen Bacillus anthracis. Microorganisms 2020; 8(2):298. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8020298.
    10. Knüpfer M, Braun P, Baumann K, Rehn A, Antwerpen M, Grass G und Wölfel R Evaluation of a highly efficient DNA extraction method for Bacillus anthracis endospores. Microorganisms 2020, 8(2):298. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8020298.
    11. Braun P, Wolfschläger I, Reetz L, Bachstein L, Jacinto AC, Tocantins C, Poppe J, and Gregor Grass Rapid microscopic detection of Bacillus anthracis by fluorescent receptor binding proteins of bacteriophages. Microorganisms 2020; 8(2):298. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8020298.
    12. Born F, Braun P, Scholz HC and G. Grass Specific detection of Yersinia pestis based on receptor binding proteins of phages. Pathogens 2020; 9(8): 611. doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9080611
    13. Vallès X, Stenseth NC, Demeure C, Horby P, Mead PS, Cabanillas O, Ratsitorahina M, Rajerison M, Andrianaivoarimanana V, Ramasindrazana B, Pizarro-Cerda J, Scholz HC, Girod R, Hinnebusch BJ, Vigan-Womas I, Fontanet A, Wagner DM, Telfer S, Yazdanpanah Y, Tortosa P, Carrara G, Deuve J, Belmain SR, D'Ortenzio E, Baril L. Human plague: An old scourge that needs new answers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Aug 27;14(8):e0008251. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008251.
    14. Ashford RT, Muchowski J, Koylass M, Scholz HC, Whatmore AM. (2020) "Application of Whole Genome Sequencing and Pan-Family Multi-Locus Sequence Analysis to Characterize Relationships Within the Family Brucellaceae." Front Microbiol. 2020 Jul 14;11:1329. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01329.
    15. Eisenberg T, Schlez K, Fawzy A, Völker I, Hechinger S, Curić M, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Blom J, Scholz HC. (2020) "Expanding the host range: infection of a reptilian host (Furcifer pardalis) by an atypical Brucella strain." Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2020 Oct;113(10):1531-1537. doi: 10.1007/s10482-020-01448-9.
    16. Zlenko OB, Tkach GE, Sukhorukova AB, Kylypko LV, Machota LS, Ignatenkov OS, Vinokurova KV, Shamychkova GR, Shtepa OP, Rezvykh VG, Schwarz J, Duerr A, Popp C, von Buttlar H, Wolfel R, Solodiankin OS, Gerilovych AP. (2020) "PCR Based Prevalence Study of Francisella Tularensis in Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, and Mykolaiv Oblasts during 2015-2018."  J Vet Res. 2020 Jan 31;64(1):63-71. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0007.
    17. Muenchhoff M, Mairhofer H, Nitschko H, Grzimek-Koschewa N, Hoffmann D, Berger A, Rabenau H, Widera M, Ackermann N, Konrad R, Zange S, Graf A, Krebs S, Blum H, Sing A, Liebl B, Wölfel R, Ciesek S, Drosten C, Protzer U, Boehm S, Keppler OT. Multicentre comparison of quantitative PCR-based assays to detect SARS-CoV-2, Germany, March 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020 Jun;25(24):2001057. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.24.2001057.
    18. Wölfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Zange S, Müller MA, Niemeyer D, Jones TC, Vollmar P, Rothe C, Hoelscher M, Bleicker T, Brünink S, Schneider J, Ehmann R, Zwirglmaier K, Drosten C, Wendtner C. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature. 2020 May;581(7809):465-469. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
    19. Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, Zimmer T, Thiel V, Janke C, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Drosten C, Vollmar P, Zwirglmaier K, Zange S, Wölfel R, Hoelscher M.Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany. N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 5;382(10):970-971. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2001468.
    20. Osterman A, Ruf VC, Domingo C, Nitsche A, Eichhorn P, Zimmermann H, Seelos K, Zange S, Dimitriadis K, Pfister HW, Thye T, Giese A, Tappe D, Böhm S. Travel-associated neurological disease terminated in a postmortem diagnosed atypical HSV-1 encephalitis after high-dose steroid therapy - a case report. BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 18;20(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-4859-5.
    21. Karatuna O, Dance DAB, Matuschek E, Åhman J, Turner P, Hopkins J, Amornchai P, Wuthiekanun V, Cusack TP, Baird R, Hennessy J, Norton R, Armstrong M, Zange S, Zoeller L, Wahab T, Jacob D, Grunow R, Kahlmeter G. Burkholderia pseudomallei multi-centre study to establish EUCAST MIC and zone diameter distributions and epidemiological cut-off values. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020 Jul 9:S1198-743X(20)30384-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.07.001.
    22. Kreutzmann T, Schönfeld A, Zange S, Lethaus B. A Case Report of Oculoglandular Tularemia-Chasing Zebras Among Potential Diagnoses. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Aug 25:S0278-2391(20)31083-1. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.08.018.
    23. Handrick S, Bestehorn-Willmann M, Eckstein S, Walter MC, Antwerpen MH, Naija H, Stoecker K, Wölfel R, Ben Moussa M (2020) Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic classification of Tunisian SARS-CoV-2 strains from patients of the Military Hospital in Tunis. Virus genes. Submitted after proof reading 29 Sept 2020. doi: 10.1007/s11262-020-01795-9.
    24. Ziegler I, Vollmar P, Knüpfer M, Braun P, Stoecker K (2020) Reevaluating limits of detection of 12 lateral flow immunoassays for the detection of Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, and Bacillus anthracis spores using viable risk group-3 strains. Journal of Applied Microbiology accepted
    25. Girl P, Bestehorn-Willmann M, Zange S, Borde JP, Dobler G, von Buttlar H. (2020) Tick-borne encephalitis virus nonstructural protein 1 IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for differentiating infection versus vaccination antibody responses. J Clin Microbiol 58:e01783-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01783-19.
    26. Niess, H., Börner, N., Muenchhoff, M., Khatamzas, E., Stangl, M., Graf, A., Girl, P., Georgi, E., Koliogiannis, D., Denk, G., Irlbeck, M., Werner, J. and Guba, M. (2020), Liver Transplantation in a Patient after COVID‐19 – rapid loss of antibodies and prolonged Viral RNA Shedding. American Journal of Transplantation. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1111/ajt.16349
    27. Abdiyeva K, Turebekov N, Yegemberdiyeva R, Dmitrovskiy A, Yeraliyeva L, Shapiyeva Z, Nurmakhanov T, Sansyzbayev Y, Froeschl G, Hoelscher M, Zinner J, Essbauer S, Frey S. Vectors, molecular epidemiology and phylogeny of TBEV in Kazakhstan and central Asia. Parasit Vectors. 2020 Oct 6;13(1):504.
    28. Bleichert P, Bütof L, Rückert C, Herzberg M, Francisco R, Morais PV, Grass G, Kalinowski J, Nies DH (2020) Generation and analysis of mutant strains of Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus obtained by laboratory selection to survive on metallic copper surfaces. Appl. Environ. Microbio. 10.1128/AEM.01788-20
    29. Kouriba B, Dürr A, Rehn A, Sangaré AK, Traoré BY, Bestehorn-Willmann MS, Ouedraogo J, Heitzer A, Sogodogo E, Maiga A, Walter MC, Zimmermann F, Wölfel R, Antwerpen MH (2020) First Phylogenetic Analysis of Malian SARS-CoV-2 Sequences Provides Molecular Insights into the Genomic Diversity of the Sahel Region. Viruses 2020 Nov 2;12(11):1251. doi: 10.3390/v12111251.

    Notes
    N/A
    Attachments
    N/A
    5. Briefly describe the biological defence work carried out at the facility, including type(s) of micro-organisms(9) and/or toxins studied, as well as outdoor studies of biological aerosols.

    a. Research, development and evaluation of approaches for the rapid detection, identification, differentiation and typing of Orthopox- , Alpha-, Flavi-, Bunya-, Orthomyxo-, Paramyxo-, Filo- and Coronaviruses as well as Coxiella, Rickettsia, Burkholderia, Yersinia, Brucella, Bacillus and Francisella spp. as well as for the biological toxins Ricin, Abrin, Staphylococcal- enterotoxin-B and Botulinum Neurotoxins using state of the art techniques

    b. Establishment of next generation sequencing techniques, sequence data bases and tools for forensic typing

    c. Research, development and evaluation of immunodiagnostics of relevant bacterial and virological agents and biological toxins

    d. Studies of the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis and immune response against Francisella tularensis, Bacillus spp., Burkholderia spp., Brucella spp., Yersinia spp., as well as Corona- and Flaviviruses

    A list of biological agents and toxins for which diagnostic methods are established and accredited at the Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology can be obtained using the following link: https://instmikrobiobw.de/fileadmin/user_upload/pdfs/PDF_sample_submissi...

    No outdoor studies with biological aerosols have been conducted.

    (9) Including viruses and prions.

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