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    Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

    1. Moment où l’on a eu connaissance de l’épidémie

    HPAI H5N1 13/02/2021; 15/10/2021

    HPAI H5N3 01/04/2021

    2. Lieu d’apparition et zone approximative touchée

    Emplacement
    High pathogenicity avian influenza HPAI H5N1 was first detected this 2021 to 2022 HPAI season in rescued wild swans and captive poultry at a swan sanctuary in Worcester (England) on 15 October 2021. Since then, there have been a further 108 confirmed infected premises were reported with HPAI H5N1 in poultry, game birds and captive birds throughout England (88), Scotland (9), Northern Ireland (6) and Wales (5) (correct as of 28th March 2021). HPAI H5N1 was also detected in February 2021 in game birds in Fife, Scotland as part of the 2020/21 season. HPAI H5N3 was detected in April 2021 in turkeys in Cheshire, England as part of the 2020/21 season.
    Zone approximative touchée
    N/A
    3. Type de maladie/d’intoxication

    Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in poultry, in captive birds, in game birds.

    4. Source soupçonnée de la maladie/de 1’intoxication

    Wild birds

    5. Agent(s) étiologique(s) possible(s)

    HPAI virus (subtype H5N1)

    6. Principaux caractères des symptômes

                Severe clinical signs

    7. Symptômes détaillés, si observés

    Respiratoires

    Present

    Circulatoires

    Present

    Neurologiques/comportementaux

    Present

    Intestinaux

    Present

    Cutanés

    Present

    Néphrologiques

    Present

    Autres

    Drop in egg production, increase in water consumption

    8. Écart(s) par rapport à la norme en ce qui concerne

    Le type

    In the winter season 2021/2022, the number of detections of H5N1 in poultry, captive birds and wild birds is unparalleled in the UK. Analysis of the virus showed that it shares a common progenitor with the virus derived from the HPAI H5N1 virus detected in the Faroe Islands in July 2021, and virus circulating across Europe since October 2021 and now observed in eastern North America. Hence, the data supports indirect/direct introduction from wild birds, rather than undisclosed maintenance of the virus in poultry populations during the past year.

    L’évolution
    N/A
    Le lieu d’apparition
    N/A
    Le moment d’apparition
    N/A
    Les symptômes
    N/A
    Le mode de virulence

    Sequence of the virus predicted high pathogenicity

    Le mode de pharmacorésistance

    N/A

    Le ou les agents difficiles à diagnostiquer
    N/A
    La présence de vecteurs inhabituels
    N/A
    D’autres éléments
    N/A
    9. Nombre approximatif de cas initiaux
    N/A
    10. Nombre approximatif de cas totaux: 
    76
    11. Nombre de décès: 
    2200000
    12. Évolution de l’épidémie

    Further infected premises have been identified in 2022. So far during the 2021/2022 winter season infected premises have been identified in England (88), Scotland (9) and Wales (5) and Northern Ireland (6). There have been 841 positive detections of HPAI in wild birds in the UK since October 2021 the vast majority of which have been H5N1 (others are H5Nx -untyped, and one H5N8 in November 2021).                                                       .

     

    13. Mesures prises

    An Avian Influenza Prevention Zone (AIPZ) has been declared across the whole of GB effective from 5pm on 3 November 2021 with additional housing measures in force from 29 November 2021. The AIPZ means all bird keepers in England (whether they have pet birds, commercial flocks or just a few birds in a backyard flock) are required by law to take a range of biosecurity precautions including, from the 29 November 2021, keeping their birds indoors except in very specific circumstances.

     

    Bird gatherings are currently banned in England. Bird gatherings include (but are not limited to) bird fairs, markets, shows, sales, exhibitions, vehicles used to transport live birds where the birds are brought together from multiple premises and some premises used for dealing or internet sales.

     

    Following confirmation of cases of HPAI H5N1 in poultry the UK is no longer free from notifiable avian influenza under the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) rules.

    Where disease is confirmed, we put in place measures in accordance with Council Directive 2005/94/EC. The EU will put safeguard measures in place, meaning that no trade with the EU in live poultry or poultry products will be permitted from disease control zones.

     

    The UK Health Security Agency (Formerly Public Health England) advises that the risk to the public’s health from of the current strain of H5N1 is very low. Food Standards Agency (FSA) has said that on the basis of the current scientific evidence, avian influenzas pose a very low food safety risk for UK consumers.

     

    The Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) carries out year-round avian influenza surveillance of dead wild birds submitted via public reports and warden patrols. Through this surveillance, multiple species of wild birds have been found to be positive for HPAI H5N1 in locations across the United Kingdom. In addition, one wild bird has been found to be positive for HPAI H5N8 in England.

     

    Defra and the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) carry out routine surveillance of disease risks in the UK and around the world to help us anticipate future threats to animal health and continue to closely monitor the global situation of avian influenza as part of this work. Further details of the latest avian influenza findings in wild birds in Europe can be found in our outbreak assessments: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/avian-influenza-bird-flu-in-europe

    Remarques

     

     

     

    Pièces jointes
    N/A

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